Entropic uncertainty relation of a qubit-qutrit Heisenberg spin model and its steering

We investigate the quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation (QMA-EUR) in a Heisenberg XYZ mixed-spin (1/2, 1) model. Coupling strength, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and inhomogeneous magnetic field, respectively, contributing to QMA-EUR by a thermal entanglement in the hybrid-spin model are studied in detail. Furthermore, we compare the uncertainty of the bipartite hybrid model with those of qubit-qubit and qutrit-qutrit systems. Meanwhile, the effects of local PT-symmetric operation and weak measurement on the steering of entropic uncertainty are analyzed. We find that the local PT-symmetric operation can reduce the entropic uncertainty, and the entropic uncertainty can also be decreased by weak measurement reversal.     

基于物理中面FGM板屈曲的有限元分析

基于物理中面的概念，根据最小势能原理推导了功能梯度材料FGM薄板屈曲的有限元控制方程，求得临界荷载的有限元解。利用FGM板的屈曲方程与参考均匀板的屈曲方程之间的相似性，建立了FGM板的临界荷载与参考均匀板的临界荷载之间的相似转换关系式，从而将FGM板临界荷载的计算转变为参考均匀板的临界荷载和材料不均匀系数的计算，极大地提高了计算效率，为FGM的推广起积极的推动作用。通过数值算例，将由有限元法和转换关系式得到的临界荷载进行了比较，并讨论了边界条件、荷载工况、材料组成和几何尺寸等对FGM板临界荷载的影响。     

Gaussian states as minimum uncertainty states

In bosonic fields, Gaussian states, which consist of a rather wide family of states including coherent states, squeezed states, thermal states, etc., have many classical-like features, and are usually defined from the mathematical perspective in terms of characteristic functions. It is well known that some special Gaussian states, such as coherent states, are minimum uncertainty states for the conventional Heisenberg uncertainty relation involving canonical pair of position and momentum observables. A natural question arises as whether all Gaussian states can be characterized as minimum uncertainty states. In this work, we show that indeed Gaussian states coincide with minimum uncertainty states for an information-theoretic refinement of the conventional uncertainty relation established in Luo (2005) [40]. This characterization puts Gaussian states on a novel basis of physical significance.     

Unidimensional continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation

In this paper, we proposed an unidimensional continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol with discrete modulation, which waives the necessity in one of the quadrature modulations and further simplified the implementation of the CV-QKD protocol. On the basis of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, we analyze the boundary between the unphysical and physical region. Besides, we utilize a novel proof approach to achieve a lower bound valid of transmission distance. This scheme shows an available method to further simplified the implementation of the QKD.     

Nonlinear dynamical magnetosonic wave interactions and collisions in magnetized plasma

The one-dimensional nonlinear dynamical wave interactions in a system of quasineutral two-fluid plasma in a constant magnetic field are investigated.The existence of the travelling wave solutions is discussed.The modulation stability of linear waves and the modulation instability of weakly nonlinear waves are presented.Both suggest that the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV) system is modulationally stable.Besides,the wave interactions including the periodic wave interaction and the solitary wave interaction are captured and presented.It is shown that these interacting waves alternately exchange their energy during propagation.The Fourier spectrum analysis is used to depict the energy transformation between the primary and harmonic waves.It is known that the wave interactions in magnetized plasma play an important role in various processes of heating and energy transportation in space and astrophysical plasma.However,few researchers have considered such magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) wave interactions in plasma.It is expected that this work can provide additional insight into understanding of behaviors of MHD wave interactions.     

Synthesis and structure–property relationship of carbazole‐alt‐benzothiadiazole copolymers

A series of four π‐conjugated carbazole‐alt‐benzothiadiazole copolymers (PCBT) were prepared by Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction between synthesized dibromocarbazoles as electron‐rich subunits and 4,7‐bis(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)?2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole as electron‐deficient subunits. The subunits were directly linked through 2,7‐ or 3,6‐ positions of the carbazole. In addition, the carbazole monomers have been N‐substituted by a branched or a linear side‐chain. The chemical structure of the copolymers and their precursors was confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopies, and their molar masses were estimated by SEC. Thermal analysis under N₂ atmosphere showed no weight loss below 329°C, and no glass transition was observed in between 0 and 250°C. The band gaps of all PCBTs evaluated by optical spectroscopies and by cyclic voltammetry analysis were consistent with expectations and ranged between 2.2 and 2.3 eV. Finally, 2,7 and 3,6 linkages were shown to influence optical properties of PCBTs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 2059–2068     

Structural and morphological studies on the deformation behavior of polypropylene/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites prepared through ultrasound‐assisted melt extrusion process

Structural and morphological behavior under stress–strain of polypropylene/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (PP/MWCNTs) nanocomposites prepared through ultrasound‐assisted melt extrusion process was studied by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS). A high ductile behavior was observed in the PP/MWCNT nanocomposites with low concentration of MWCNTs. This was related to an energy‐dissipating mechanism, achieved by the formation of an ordered PP‐CNTs interphase zone and crystal oriented structure in the undeformed samples. Different strain‐induced‐phase transformations were observed by ex situ SAXS/WAXS, characterizing the different stages of structure development during the deformation of PP and PP/MWCNTs nanocomposites. The high concentration of CNTs reduced the strain behavior of PP due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles. A structural pathway relating the deformation‐induced phase transitions and the dissipation energy mechanism in the PP/MWCNTs nanocomposites at low concentration of nanoparticles was proposed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 475–491     

Stochastic preference analysis in numerical preference relations

Numerical preference relations (NPRs) consisting of numerical judgments can be considered as a general form of the existing preference relations, such as multiplicative preference relations (MPRs), fuzzy preference relations (FPRs), interval MPRs (IV-MPRs) and interval FPRs (IV-FPRs). On the basis of NPRs, we develop a stochastic preference analysis (SPA) method to aid the decision makers (DMs) in decision making. The numerical judgments in NPRs can also be characterized by different probability distributions in accordance with practice. By exploring the judgment space of NPRs, SPA produces several outcomes including the rank acceptability index, the expected priority vector, the expected rank and the confidence factor. The outcomes are obtained by Monte Carlo simulation with at least 95% confidence degree. Based on the outcomes, the DMs can choose some of them which they find most useful to make reliable decisions.     

Effect of scale and surface chemistry on the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes‐based composites

In this article, Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) of varying diameters, both untreated and polycarboxylated, were dispersed at constant weight percentage in an epoxy matrix, and resulting fracture toughnesses (K_Ic) were measured in each case. We show that changing the MWCNT diameter has two effects on the composite fracture toughness: (i) a small MWCNT diameter enables larger interfacial surface for adhesion maximization, which increases toughness; (ii) at the same time, it limits the available pull‐out energy and reduces the MWCNT ability to homogeneously disperse in the matrix due to this same large active surface: this decreases toughness. Most commercially available MWCNTs have a length range of several μm, thus an optimal diameter exists which depends on MWCNT wall thickness and surface treatment. Such optimal diameter maximizes pull‐out energy and thus composite fracture toughness. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012     

Linear wave dispersion relation of a magnetized relativistic rectilinear electron beam-dielectric system

A general dispersion relation is derived for a relativistic rectilinear electron beam of arbitrary momentum distributions interacting with a dielectric in a guide magnetic field, on the basis of Maxwell equations and the relativistic Vlasov equation. The instability occurs when the beam velocity exceeds the wave phase velocity in the medium. The linear wave dispersion relation, growth rate, spatial growth rate are studied analytically for delta and Lorentzian distributions of beam momentums in detail. The results are of importance for a new kind of high-power microwave generation or amplification devices based on anomalous Doppler effect.